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Politics Leadership plus the Problem with the Charismatic Electricity Author(s): Carl J. Friedrich Source: The Journal of Politics, Vol. 23, Number 1, (Feb., 1961), pp.
3-24 Published by: Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Southern Political Science Connection Stable WEB LINK: http://www. jstor. org/stable/2127069 Accessed: 04/08/2008 17: 34 Your use of the JSTOR store indicates the acceptance of JSTOR’s Conditions and terms of Use, offered by http://www. jstor. org/page/info/about/policies/terms. jsp. JSTOR’s Conditions and terms of Use supplies, in part, that unless you have obtained prior agreement, you may not down load an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you will probably use content material in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, noncommercial use. Make sure you contact the publisher concerning any further use of this work.
Publisher contact information may be received at http://www. jstor. org/action/showPublisher? publisherCode=cup. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright realize that appears around the screen or perhaps printed site of this kind of transmission. launched sociology in and its derivatives, THE TERM panache many years ago by a Germansociologist, has lately been dispersing into personal science in this article and overseas. The intellectuals’ desire to audio profound through unfamiliar phrases may have a talk about in this novelty, but it would appear that the term also responds to a extremely real will need.
One recent writer goes so far as to define charisma as “the right to rule by virtue of the actual (the leaders) have been and they are. ” Needless to say, such vagueness is a significantly cry through the original consumption. 1 To become able to measure the utility in the concept of charismatic leadership, charismatic authority (and legitimacy) and charismatic electric power and secret, it will be essential to clarify the phenomena of power, regulation and leadership which are said to be qualified at this time quality to be charismatic. Power is a central concern of politics science. This can be a phenomenon which is universally identified, but hard to understand. Like all info of the actual, it defies rigorous description.
Most famous among the attempts for definition is that of Hobbes. He states that “power is a present way to secure a lot of future evident good. ” (Leviathan Chap. 10) Such a classification (while historically important as difficult to the traditional notion that what is “good” can be authoritatively known)2 is usually both too broad and too narrow. Also broad, since it makes it not possible to distinguish electric power from riches; for what is wealth although a present *Based upon a paper shipped at the 60 Annual Appointment of the American Political Scientific research Association, Ny, on Sept 9, 1960.
The problems here discussed is often more fully produced within a methodical context within a forthcoming book on this and related issues. ‘Max Weber, Wirtschaft daruber hinaus GeselIschaft, 1922, Part I actually, Chap. three or more, paras. 1014; Part 3, Chap. 9, and somewhere else. An abbreviated model of Talcott Parsons and Henderson was published under the title The Theory of Cultural and Economical Organization. The topic of panache and charming leadership is located on pp.
358ff. The statement offered on panache is found in M. S. Lipsett, Political Guy (1959) p. 49. 2Hobbes, in consequence, denied the notion of your “summum bonum”; these Doints were deservingly stressed in comments simply by David Spitz. [3] 5 THE RECORD OF POLITICS [Vol.
23 methods to secure a few future noticeable good? Hobbes’ reply to this kind of objection may have been, naturally , that riches is a “form” of electric power; he says all the in the dialogue that follows his definition. Whatever may be the argument here on broad philosophical argument, it is operationally important today to attract this distinction, in order to identify political by economic issues and thus national politics from economics.
Actually thus broad a definition because Hobbes’ actually identifies power with the wholeness of assets available to a guy to realize his values or purposes. In the event power can be thus identified, what does that mean to express that “life is although a ceaseless search for electricity after electric power unto death”-the famous declare of Hobbes and recited to this day? It simply says that men seek that which they really want, which is tiny short of tautological.
But Hobbes’ definition is not just too wide-ranging; it is also too narrow. For it reveals of power as if this were anything, something to have and to carry, and may always be to sit down upon just like a bag of gold. Electric power at times has this top quality, but at other times not at all, in fact it is important to notice it in its dual nature, since this Janusfaced quality provides to electricity the complicated dynamic top quality which males feel although find it difficult to take into account.
Power isn’t only a thing, a possession, nonetheless it is also a relation, since Locke demands in his Dissertation on Man Understanding (Bk. II, Chap 21) where he states are “(powers associations, not agents. ” In the event that power is usually looked at inside the dimension of time, it becomes crystal clear that it is relational top quality is the even more evident, the longer enough time span involved. For it is in the rise plus the decline of political power, whether of people or of larger organizations that the relational quality, the truth that electric power is always electricity over other men, becomes evident.
In a certain feeling, therefore , it will be possible to say which the stress after its quality as a thing, a possession to have also to hold, may be the result of an illusion. Although such a press release is not really wholly justified. Due to the institutionalization of electricity relationships, currently to be discussed, the power placed on a certain office is a thing, a possession to have also to hold.
To be certain, the office could possibly be lost because of the way the power is used, but while the office is usually held, the energy is in the hands of him who retains it. It is therefore appropriate to express that electricity is to some degree 8It can be curious and has been known occasionallythat Locke in his Essays on Detrimental Government (I1, 4) builds the debate upon Hobbes’ concept, although other notion, implicit in his general viewpoint, also performs its part. 1961] POLITICAL MANAGEMENT AND CHARISMATIC POWER a few a control p(l), and some extent a relation p(2).
It is the proportion of the two ingredients which will political research must continuously be concerned with. The difference among political tendency in which the rate of p(l) and p(2) is higher than one, and others in which the rate of p(l) to p(2) is less space-consuming than one is familiar to the analyze of politics. The first is commonly a stable office, such as that of an hereditary monarch, or of your official of a firmly founded republic. The other ratio, l (l)
